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The importance of working position in mechanical operation
Author:
The safety of mechanical operation has always been the top priority of mechanical operation, and it is very important to master the working position of mechanical operation. When determining the design of the operator's working area on the machine, consider the safety and reliability of the man-machine system, reasonably arrange the parts (including various displays, manipulators, illuminators) directly operated or used by people on the mechanical equipment, and create good conditions such as working space, working chair and working surface related to the working posture of people, so as to prevent fatigue and accidents.
Abstract: The safety of mechanical operation has always been the top priority of mechanical operation, and it is very important to master the working position of mechanical operation. When determining the design of the operator's working area on the machine, consider the safety and reliability of the man-machine system, reasonably arrange the parts (including various displays, manipulators, illuminators) directly operated or used by people on the mechanical equipment, and create good conditions such as working space, working chair and working surface related to the working posture of people, so as to prevent fatigue and accidents.
1. Work space
The design of the mechanical work space should take into account the constraints on the human body during the work process. The work space should ensure that the head, arms, hands, legs, and feet of the operator have sufficient room for movement that meets the psychological and physiological requirements. At dangerous operating points, there should be enough space and safe passages that can be avoided under unexpected circumstances.
Where necessary, a working room shall be provided to protect the operator from external harmful effects and to protect the operator from existing hazards (e. g. heat, temperature, poor ventilation, view, noise, vibration, falling objects). The materials used in the studio and performance must be flame resistant, with emergency escape measures and good vision. Ensure that the driver can operate the machine without any danger.
2. Working environment
The environment of the mechanical work site should prevent personnel from being exposed to the influence of dangerous and harmful substances (such as temperature, vibration, noise, dust, radiation, and toxicity); when working outdoors, the adverse climate effects (such as heat, cold, wind, rain, snow, and ice) should be provided with appropriate cover; the lighting requirements should be met, and natural light should be preferred. When the lighting of the work environment is insufficient, complemented by the local artificial lighting of the machine, the position of the light source should not cause any danger when adjusted in use. Avoid risks caused by glare, shadows and stroboscopic effects.
3. Work surface
The working height should be suitable for the physical measurement parameters of the operator and the type of work to be performed. The working surface or workbench shall be designed to meet the safe and comfortable body posture; the trunk of the body can be straightened and stretched, and the body weight can be properly supported; various manipulators shall be arranged within the scope of the corresponding organ functions of the person.
4. Seating device
Seat structure and size should be consistent with the anatomical and physiological characteristics and functions of the play, height adjustable to meet the needs of different personnel. The fixing shall be able to withstand the corresponding load without damage, vibration shall be reduced to a reasonable minimum and meet the requirements of work and comfort.
5. High-altitude operation position
When the working position of the operator is above 2m of the falling reference plane, the safety of pedaling and standing must be fully considered, and the platform for standing, ladder and anti-falling railing or protective board must be configured. If the operator needs to change the working position frequently, the safety channel with the width of the walking board not less than 500 mm shall be configured. When the operating position height of mechanical equipment is above 30 m (including 30 m), safe and reliable manned lifting equipment must be configured.
6. Good vision
The operator should be in the operating position to see directly or through the monitoring device to understand the operating state of the control target, in the main operating position to be able to confirm that no one is in danger; otherwise, the design of the control system should be: whenever the machine to start, can issue an audible or visual warning signal, so that people in danger have time to evacuate, or can take measures to prevent mechanical start.
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